Project Details
5-10% recommended
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CACalifornia Building Code (Title 24)
References & Sources
Standards Cited
- ASTM D2940 — Standard Specification for Graded Aggregate Material for Bases or Subbases
Defines gradation and compaction requirements for crushed stone base materials - AASHTO M 147 — Standard Specification for Materials for Aggregate and Soil-Aggregate Subbases, Bases, and Surface Courses
Classification of aggregate base materials (Class 5, etc.)
Formulas Used
- Loose volume:
looseVolume = area × depth
Source: Basic geometry - Compacted volume:
compactedVolume = looseVolume × compactionFactor
Source: ASTM D2940 — Compaction factor accounts for volume reduction when material is compacted (e.g. 1.25 for sub-base) - Weight from volume:
weight = volume × density
Source: Material-specific densities
Key Assumptions
- Crushed stone density ~1750 kg/m3, pea gravel ~1600 kg/m3 — ASTM D2940 / industry standard
- Sub-base compaction factor 1.25 (need 25% more loose material to achieve compacted depth) — AASHTO compaction standards